Slicing

Theory

A slicer takes a 3D mesh (STL, 3MF, OBJ) and intersects it with horizontal planes at each layer height, generating 2D cross-sections. It then calculates toolpaths for perimeters, infill, supports, and top/bottom surfaces, and translates these into G-code commands with speed, temperature, and extrusion values. Modern slicers (Bambu Studio, PrusaSlicer, OrcaSlicer, Cura) also handle multi-material, multi-process, and machine-specific calibrations.

Application

Import the model at the correct scale (millimetres). Apply profile presets matching filament and printer. Review layer preview to verify infill, supports, and seam placement. Check estimated print time and material usage before sending. Save project files (.3mf format) to preserve all settings with the model for reproducibility.

Common mistakes

Incorrect model scale is the most common beginner error: always verify model dimensions in the slicer before printing. Non-manifold geometry (holes in the mesh) produces unpredictable slicing artefacts. Slicer default profiles are starting points, not final solutions: always calibrate for your specific printer and filament combination. Slicing at wrong layer height for a nozzle size reduces layer adhesion.

Related terms: G-code, Infill, Wall / Perimeter